Colour component prediction method, encoder, decoder and storage medium

ABSTRACT

Disclosed are a colour component prediction method, an encoder, a decoder, and a storage medium. The method includes: determining adjacent reference pixels of a current block in a picture; constructing a subset of adjacent reference pixels according to the adjacent reference pixels, wherein the subset of adjacent reference pixels contains a part of the adjacent reference pixels; and calculating model parameters of a prediction model according to the subset of adjacent reference pixels, wherein the prediction model includes N prediction sub-models, the N prediction sub-models correspond to N groups of model parameters, and the prediction sub-models are used to perform, through corresponding model parameters, cross-component prediction of colour components to be predicted, and N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

The present application is a continuation application of U.S.application Ser. No. 17/397,680 filed on Aug. 9, 2021, which is acontinuation application of International PCT Application No.PCT/CN2019/113771, filed on Oct. 28, 2019, which claims priority of theU.S. Application No. 62/819,851, filed on Mar. 18, 2019. The entirecontents of the above-identified applications are hereby incorporated byreference.

TECHNICAL FIELD

Embodiments of the present application relate to the technical field ofpicture processing, and more particularly, to a method for predictingcolour components, an encoder, a decoder and a storage medium.

BACKGROUND

With the improvement of people's requirements for video display quality,new video application forms such as high definition and ultra highdefinition videos emerge as the times require. H.265/High EfficiencyVideo Coding (HEVC) has become unable to meet requirements of rapiddevelopment of video applications. The Joint Video Exploration Team(JVET) put forward the next generation video coding standardH.266/Versatile Video Coding (VVC), a corresponding test model of whichis a VVC Test Model (VTM).

At present, a method for predicting colour components based on aprediction model has been integrated into the VTM, and a chromacomponent can be predicted from a luma component of a current codingblock through the prediction model. However, in the process of buildingthe prediction model, especially when the prediction model is anonlinear model or a multi-model (which, for example, is composed ofmultiple linear models), the number of samples used for model parameterderivation currently is large, and the computational complexity andmemory bandwidth are high; meanwhile, there may be abnormal samples inthese samples, resulting in inaccurate construction of the predictionmodel.

SUMMARY

Embodiments of the present application provide a method for predictingcolour components, an encoder, a decoder and a storage medium, such thatby reducing the number of pixels in a set of adjacent reference pixels,not only can the computational complexity be reduced, but also theprecision of the prediction model can be improved, so as to improve theprediction accuracy of the colour components to be processed.

Technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application may beimplemented as follows.

In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides amethod for predicting colour components, which is applied to an encoderor a decoder, the method including:

determining adjacent reference pixels of a current block in a picture;

constructing a subset of adjacent reference pixels according to theadjacent reference pixels, wherein the subset of adjacent referencepixels contains a part of the adjacent reference pixels; and

calculating model parameters of a prediction model according to thesubset of adjacent reference pixels, wherein the prediction modelincludes N prediction sub-models, the N prediction sub-models correspondto N groups of model parameters, and the prediction sub-models are usedto preform, through corresponding model parameters, cross-componentprediction of the colour components to be predicted, and N is a positiveinteger greater than or equal to 2.

In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides amethod for predicting colour components, which is applied to an encoderor a decoder, the method including:

determining a first set of reference pixels of a first colour componentof a current block in a picture, wherein the first set of referencepixels contains pixels adjacent to the current block;

constructing N first subsets of reference pixels using the first set ofreference pixels, wherein the first subsets of reference pixels containa part of pixels in the first set of reference pixels, and N is equal tothe number of prediction models; and

calculating model parameters of the N prediction models respectivelyusing the N first subsets of reference pixels, wherein the predictionmodels are used for mapping a value of the first colour component of thecurrent block to a prediction value of a second colour component of thecurrent block, and the second colour component is different from thefirst colour component.

In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides aencoder including a first determination unit, a first construction unitand a first calculation unit,

wherein the first determination unit is configured to determine adjacentreference pixels of a current block in a picture;

the first construction unit is configured to construct a subset ofadjacent reference pixels according to the adjacent reference pixels,wherein the subset of adjacent reference pixels contains a part of theadjacent reference pixels; and

the first calculation unit is configured to calculate model parametersof a prediction model according to the subset of adjacent referencepixels, wherein the prediction model includes N prediction sub-models,the N prediction sub-models correspond to N groups of model parameters,and the prediction sub-models are used to perform, through correspondingmodel parameters, cross-component prediction of colour components to bepredicted, and N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2.

In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides anencoder including a first memory and a first processor,

wherein the first memory is configured to store a computer programcapable of running on the first processor; and

the first processor is configured to perform the method according to thefirst aspect or the second aspect when running the computer program.

In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides adecoder including a second determination unit, a second constructionunit and a second calculation unit,

wherein the second determination unit is configured to determineadjacent reference pixels of a current block in a picture;

the second construction unit is configured to construct a subset ofadjacent reference pixels according to the adjacent reference pixels,wherein the subset of adjacent reference pixels contains a part of theadjacent reference pixels; and

the second calculation unit is configured to calculate model parametersof a prediction model according to the subset of adjacent referencepixels, wherein the prediction model includes N prediction sub-models,the N prediction sub-models correspond to N groups of model parameters,and the prediction sub-models are used to perform, through correspondingmodel parameters, cross-component prediction of colour components to bepredicted, and N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2.

In a sixth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides adecoder including a second memory and a second processor,

wherein the second memory is configured to store a computer programcapable of running on the first processor; and

the second processor is configured to perform the method according tothe first aspect or the second aspect when running the computer program.

In a seventh aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides acomputer storage medium in which a colour component prediction programis stored, wherein when the colour component prediction program isexecuted by the first processor or the second processor, the methodaccording to the first aspect or the second aspect is implemented.

An embodiment of the present application provides a method forpredicting colour components, an encoder, a decoder and a storagemedium. The method includes: determining adjacent reference pixels of acurrent block in a picture; constructing a subset of adjacent referencepixels according to the adjacent reference pixels, wherein the subset ofadjacent reference pixels contains a part of the adjacent referencepixels; and calculating model parameters of a prediction model accordingto the subset of adjacent reference pixels, wherein the prediction modelincludes N prediction sub-models, the N prediction sub-models correspondto N groups of model parameters, and the prediction sub-models are usedto perform, through corresponding model parameters, cross-componentprediction of the colour components to be predicted, and N is a positiveinteger greater than or equal to 2. Thus, due to screening processing ofthe adjacent reference pixels of the current block, unimportantreference pixels or abnormal reference pixels can be removed, so as todecrease the number of pixels in the set of adjacent reference pixels,such that there are less pixels in the subset of adjacent referencepixels, thereby not only reducing computational complexity and memorybandwidth, but also improving the precision of the prediction model. Inaddition, by carrying out, by at least two prediction sub-models,cross-component prediction of the colour components to be predicted, theprediction accuracy of the colour components to be processed isimproved, and the prediction efficiency of video pictures is improved aswell.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a video encoding system inaccordance with an embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a video decoding system inaccordance with an embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a method for predicting colourcomponents in accordance with an embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a selected subset ofadjacent reference pixels on an upper edge of a current block inaccordance with an embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of another selected subset ofadjacent reference pixels on the upper edge of the current block inaccordance with an embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of grouping of adjacent reference pixelsof a coding block in accordance with an embodiment of the presentapplication.

FIG. 7 is a schematic flow chart of another method for predicting colourcomponents in accordance with an embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a structure of an encoder in accordancewith an embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a specific hardware structure of anencoder in accordance with an embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a decoder in accordancewith an embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a specific hardware structure of adecoder in accordance with an embodiment of the present application.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

In order to understand features and technical contents of embodiments ofthe present applicationapplication in more detail, implementation modesof the embodiments of the present application will be described indetail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are forreference only and are not intended to limit the embodiments of thepresent application.

In a video picture, a coding Block (CB) is generally characterized by afirst colour component, a second colour component and a third colourcomponent. The three colour components are a luma component, a bluechroma component and a red chroma component respectively. Specifically,the luma component is usually represented by a symbol Y, the blue chromacomponent is usually represented by a symbol Cb or U, and the red chromacomponent is usually represented by a symbol Cr or V. In this way, thevideo picture may be expressed in a YCbCr format or a YUV format.

In an embodiment of the present application, the first colour componentmay be a luma component, the second colour component may be a bluechroma component, and the third colour component may be a red chromacomponent, which is not specifically limited in the embodiments of thepresent application.

In the next generation video coding standard H.266, in order to furtherimprove coding performance and coding efficiency, cross-component linearmodel prediction (CCLM) is proposed to extend and improvecross-component prediction (CCP). In H.266, CCLM can implement not onlyprediction from the first colour component to the second colourcomponent, but also prediction from the first colour component to thethird colour component or from the third colour component to the firstcolour component, or even prediction from the second colour component tothe third colour component or from the third colour component to thesecond colour component. The prediction from the first colour componentto the second colour component will be described by way of example, butthe technical solutions of the embodiments of the present applicationmay also be applied to prediction of other colour components.

There are currently two prediction modes of CCLM in the VTM: one is aprediction mode of single model CCLM, the other is a prediction mode ofmultiple model CCLM (MMLM), which is also referred to as a predictionmode of MMLM. As the name implies, the prediction mode of single modelCCLM is a prediction mode in which the prediction from the first colourcomponent to the second colour component is implemented by only one typeof prediction model, while the prediction mode of MMLM is a predictionmode in which the prediction from the first colour component to thesecond colour component is implemented jointly by multiple types ofprediction models. For example, in the prediction mode of MMLM, sets ofadjacent reference pixels may be composed of reference pixels adjacentto a coding block, and the sets of adjacent reference pixels may bedivided into two groups. Each group may be used as a training set forderiving model parameters in the prediction models, that is, each groupmay derive a set of model parameters α and β.

In order to ensure the accuracy of the model parameters used by eachprediction model in the prediction mode of MMLM, the set of referencepixels constructed for deriving the model parameters needs to be moreaccurate. Based on this, an embodiment of the present applicationprovides a method for predicting colour components, in which bydetermining adjacent reference pixels of a current block in a picture, asubset of adjacent reference pixels according to the adjacent referencepixels is constructed, wherein the subset of adjacent reference pixelscontains a part of the adjacent reference pixels; and then modelparameters of a prediction model are calculated according to the subsetof adjacent reference pixels, wherein the prediction model includes Nprediction sub-models, the N prediction sub-models correspond to Ngroups of model parameters, and the prediction sub-models are used tocarry out, through corresponding model parameters, cross-componentprediction processing of colour components to be predicted, with N beinga positive integer greater than or equal to 2. In this way, due toscreening processing of the adjacent reference pixels of the currentblock, unimportant reference pixels or abnormal reference pixels can beremoved, so as to decrease the number of pixels in the set of adjacentreference pixels, such that there are less pixels in the subset ofadjacent reference pixels, thereby not only reducing computationalcomplexity and memory bandwidth, but also improving precision of theprediction model. In addition, by carrying out, by at least twoprediction sub-models, cross-component prediction processing of thecolour components to be predicted, the prediction accuracy of the colourcomponents to be processed is improved, and prediction efficiency ofvideo pictures is improved as well.

Various embodiments of the present application will be described indetail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to FIG. 1, it shows an example of a schematic block diagram ofa video encoding system in accordance with an embodiment of the presentapplication. As shown in FIG. 1, the video encoding system 100 includes:a transformation and quantization unit 101, an intra estimation unit102, an intra prediction unit 103, a motion compensation unit 104, amotion estimation unit 105, an inverse transformation and inversequantization unit 106, a filter control analysis unit 107, a filteringunit 108, an encoding unit 109, and a decoded picture buffer unit 110.The filtering unit 108 may implement deblocking filtering and sampleadaptive offset (SAO) filtering, and the encoding unit 109 may implementheader information coding and context-based adaptive binary arithmaticcoding (CABAC). For an input original video signal, one video codingblock may be obtained by dividing of coding tree units (CTUs), and thenthe residual pixel information of the video coding block obtained afterintra or inter prediction is transformed by the transformation andquantization unit 101, including transforming the residual informationfrom pixel domain to transform domain, and quantizing obtained transformcoefficients, to further decrease the bit rate. The intra estimationunit 102 and the intra prediction unit 103 are configured to carry outintra prediction of the video coding block. Specifically, the intraestimation unit 102 and the intra prediction unit 103 are configured todetermine an intra prediction mode to be used for encoding the videocoding block. The motion compensation unit 104 and the motion estimationunit 105 are configured to carry out inter prediction coding of thereceived video coding block with respect to one or more blocks in one ormore reference pictures to provide temporal prediction information.Motion estimation carried out by the motion estimation unit 105 is aprocess of generating a motion vector that can estimate motion of thevideo coding block, and then the motion compensation unit 104 carriesout motion compensation based on the motion vector determined by themotion estimation unit 105. After determining the intra prediction mode,the intra prediction unit 103 is further configured to provide theselected intra prediction data to the encoding unit 109, and the motionestimation unit 105 also sends calculated and determined motion vectordata to the encoding unit 109. In addition, the inverse transformationand inverse quantization unit 106 is configured to reconstruct the videocoding block, reconstruct a residual block in the pixel domain, whereinblock effect artifacts of the reconstructed residual block are removedthrough the filter control analysis unit 107 and the filtering unit 108,and then add the reconstructed residual block to one predictive block ina picture of the decoded picture buffer unit 110 to generate areconstructed video coding block. The encoding unit 109 is configured toencode various coding parameters and the quantized transformcoefficients. In a CABAC-based coding algorithm, context contents may bebased on adjacent coding blocks, and may be used to encode informationindicating the determined intra prediction mode and output a bitstreamof the video signal. The decoded picture buffer unit 110 is configuredto store the reconstructed video coding blocks for prediction reference.With the progress of video picture coding, new reconstructed videocoding blocks will be generated continuously, and these reconstructedvideo coding blocks will be stored in the decoded picture buffer unit110.

Referring to FIG. 2, it shows an example of a schematic block diagram ofa video decoding system in accordance with an embodiment of the presentapplication. As shown in FIG. 2, the video decoding system 200 includesa decoding unit 201, an inverse transformation and inverse quantizationunit 202, an intra prediction unit 203, a motion compensation unit 204,a filtering unit 205, and a decoded picture buffer unit 206. Thedecoding unit 201 may implement header information decoding and CABACdecoding, and the filtering unit 205 may implement deblocking filteringand SAO filtering. After the input video signal is processed through theencoding processing described in FIG. 1, the bitstream of the videosignal is output. The bitstream is input into the video decoding system200, and first passes through the decoding unit 201 to obtain decodedtransform coefficients. The transform coefficients are processed by theinverse transformation and inverse quantization unit 202 to generate aresidual block in the pixel domain. The intra prediction unit 203 may beconfigured to generate prediction data of the current video decodingblock based on the determined intra prediction mode and data from theprevious decoded blocks of the current frame or picture. The motioncompensation unit 204 determines prediction information for the videodecoding block by parsing motion vectors and other associated syntaxelements, and uses the prediction information to generate a predictiveblock of the video decoding block currently being decoded. The decodedvideo block is generated by summing the residual block from the inversetransformation and inverse quantization unit 202 and the correspondingpredictive block generated by the intra prediction unit 203 or themotion compensation unit 204. The decoded video signal passes throughthe filtering unit 205 to remove the block effect artifacts, so as toimprove video quality. Then, the decoded video block is stored in thedecoded picture buffer unit 206, wherein the decoded picture buffer unit206 stores a reference picture used for subsequent intra prediction ormotion compensation, which is also used for outputting the videosignals, i.e., a restored original video signal is obtained.

The method for predicting colour components in accordance with theembodiment of the present application is mainly applied to the intraprediction unit 103 shown in FIG. 1 and the intra prediction unit 203shown in FIG. 2, and is specifically applied to the part of CCLMprediction in intra prediction. That is to say, the method forpredicting colour components in accordance with the embodiment of thepresent application may be applied to the video encoding system or thevideo decoding system, or may even be applied to the video encodingsystem and the video decoding system at the same time, which is notspecifically limited in the embodiment of the present application. Whenthe method is applied to the intra prediction unit 103 in the videoencoding system, the “current block” specifically refers to a currentcoding block in the intra prediction. When the method is applied to theintra prediction unit 203 in the video decoding system, the “currentblock” specifically refers to a current decoding block the in intraprediction.

Based on the application scenario example in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2, referringto FIG. 3, it shows a schematic flow chart of a method for predictingcolour components in accordance with an embodiment of the presentapplication. As shown in FIG. 3, the method may include the followingacts S301 to S303.

In S301, adjacent reference pixels of a current block in a picture aredetermined.

It should be noted that a video picture may be divided into multiplepicture blocks, and each picture block to be encoded presently may becalled a coding block. Each coding block may include a first colourcomponent, a second colour component and a third colour component. Thecurrent block is a coding block in the video picture whose first colourcomponent, second colour component or third colour component is to bepredicted. When the first colour component needs to be predicted by aprediction model, the colour component to be predicted is the firstcolour component. When the second colour component needs to be predictedby the prediction model, the colour component to be predicted is thesecond colour component. When the third colour component needs to bepredicted by the prediction model, the colour component to be predictedis the third colour component.

It should also be noted that when a left adjacent area, a left loweradjacent area, an upper adjacent area and a right upper adjacent areaare all valid areas, the adjacent reference pixels may be composed ofadjacent reference pixels in the left adjacent area and the upperadjacent area of the current block, or may also be composed of adjacentreference pixels in the left adjacent area and the left lower adjacentarea of the current block, or may also be composed of adjacent referencepixels in the upper adjacent area and the right upper adjacent area ofthe current block, which will not specifically limited in the embodimentof the present application.

In some embodiments, optionally, as for S301, determining the adjacentreference pixels of the current block in the picture may include:

acquiring reference pixels adjacent to at least one edge of the currentblock, wherein the at least one edge of the current block includes atleast one of an upper row, a right upper row, a left column and a leftlower column; and

obtaining the adjacent reference pixels according to the acquiredreference pixels.

It should be noted that the at least one edge of the current block mayinclude at least one of the upper row (which may also be referred to asan upper edge), the right upper row (which may also be referred to as anright upper edge), the left column (which may also be referred to as anleft edge) or the left lower column (which may also be referred to as anleft lower edge).

Optionally, in some embodiments, if the at least one edge of the currentblock is the left edge and/or the upper edge, as for S301, determiningthe adjacent reference pixels of the current block in the picture mayinclude:

acquiring reference pixels adjacent to the at least one edge of thecurrent block, wherein the at least one edge of the current blockincludes the left edge of the current block and/or the upper edge of thecurrent block; and

obtaining the adjacent reference pixels according to the acquiredreference pixels.

It should be noted that the at least one edge of the current block mayinclude the left edge of the current block and/or the upper edge of thecurrent block. That is, the at least one edge of the current block mayrefer to the upper edge of the current block, or the left edge of thecurrent block, or even the upper edge and the left edge of the currentblock, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of thepresent application.

In this way, when both the left adjacent area and the upper adjacentarea are valid areas, the adjacent reference pixels may be composed ofreference pixels adjacent to the left edge of the current block andreference pixels adjacent to the upper edge of the current block in thiscase. When the left adjacent area is a valid area and the upper adjacentarea is an invalid area, the adjacent reference pixels may be composedof the reference pixels adjacent to the left edge of the current blockin this case. When the left adjacent area is an invalid area and theupper adjacent area is a valid area, the adjacent reference pixels maybe composed of the reference pixels adjacent to the upper edge of thecurrent block in this case.

Optionally, if the at least one edge of the current block is an adjacentcolumn composed of the left edge and the left lower edge, and/or anadjacent row composed of the upper edge and the right upper edge, as forS301, determining the adjacent reference pixels of the current block inthe picture may include:

acquiring reference pixels in a reference row or a reference columnadjacent to the current block, wherein the reference row is composed ofrows adjacent to the upper edge and right upper edge of the currentblock, and the reference column is composed of columns adjacent to theleft edge and left lower edge of the current block; and

obtaining the adjacent reference pixels according to the acquiredreference pixels.

It should be noted that the reference row adjacent to the current blockmay be composed of the rows adjacent to the upper edge and right upperedge of the current block, and the reference column adjacent to thecurrent block may be composed of columns adjacent to the left edge andleft lower edge of the current block. The reference row or the referencecolumn adjacent to the current block may refer to a reference rowadjacent to the upper edge of the current block, or a reference columnadjacent to the left edge of the current block, or even a reference rowor reference column adjacent to another edge of the current block, whichis not specifically limited in the embodiment of the presentapplication. For convenience of description, in the embodiment of thepresent application, the reference row adjacent to the current blockwill be described by taking the reference row adjacent to the upper edgeas an example, and the reference column adjacent to the current blockwill be described by taking the reference column adjacent to the leftedge as an example.

The reference pixels in the reference row adjacent to the current blockmay include reference pixels adjacent to the upper edge and the rightupper edge (which may also be referred to as adjacent reference pixelscorresponding to the upper edge and the right upper edge), wherein theupper edge represents the upper edge of the current block and the rightupper edge represents an edge length of the current block extendinghorizontally from the upper edge to the right, which has a height as thecurrent block. The reference pixels in the reference column adjacent tothe current block may also include reference pixels adjacent to the leftedge and the left lower edge (which may also be referred to as adjacentreference pixels corresponding to the left edge and the left loweredge), wherein the left edge represents the left edge of the currentblock and the left lower edge represents an edge length of the currentblock extending downward vertically from the left edge, which has thesame width as the current block, which is not specifically limited inthe embodiment of the present application.

Thus, when both the left adjacent area and the left lower adjacent areaare valid areas, the adjacent reference pixels may be composed ofreference pixels in the reference column adjacent to the current blockin this case. When both the upper adjacent area and the right upperadjacent area are valid areas, the adjacent reference pixels may becomposed of reference pixels in the reference row adjacent to thecurrent block in this case.

In S302, a subset of adjacent reference pixels is constructed accordingto the adjacent reference pixels, wherein the subset of adjacentreference pixels contains a part of the adjacent reference pixels.

It should be noted that the adjacent reference pixels are referencepixels corresponding to the prediction model constructed in the currentrelated technical solution. Generally, in order to prevent the videoencoding system from transmitting model parameters to the video decodingsystem, the adjacent reference pixels may be composed of referencepixels adjacent to one or more of four edges, i.e., the upper edge, theright upper edge, the left edge and the left lower edge, of the currentblock, to deduce the model parameters. However, using so many referencepixels as samples for multi-model construction is complicated, and somereference pixels with abnormal values will also decrease the quality ofthe prediction model.

That is to say, in the adjacent reference pixels, there may be someunimportant reference pixels (for example, correlation between thesereference pixels is poor) or some abnormal reference pixels. In order toensure the accuracy of derivation of model parameters, these referencepixels need to be eliminated, thereby obtaining the subset of adjacentreference pixel. Thus, the accuracy of the prediction model can beensured according to the subset of adjacent reference pixels, such thatthe prediction efficiency of the colour components to be processed ishigh.

The subset of adjacent reference pixels contains a preset number ofreference pixels. Herein, the preset number may be N, with N being apositive integer greater than 1. In practical applications, the value ofN may be 4, but the embodiment of the present application is notspecifically limited thereto.

In some embodiments, as for S302, constructing the subset of adjacentreference pixels according to the adjacent reference pixels may include:

determining candidate positions of candidate pixels based on the atleast one edge of the current block; and

selecting reference pixels corresponding to the candidate positions fromthe adjacent reference pixels, and composing the subset of adjacentreference pixels by the selected reference pixels.

Further, determining the candidate positions of the candidate pixelsbased on the at least one edge of the current block may include:

determining the candidate positions based on pixel positionscorresponding to reference pixels adjacent to the at least one edge ofthe current block.

Further, determining the candidate positions of the candidate pixelsbased on the at least one edge of the current block may include:

determining the candidate positions based on colour component intensityvalues corresponding to reference pixels adjacent to the at least oneedge of the current block.

Further, determining the candidate positions of the candidate pixelsbased on the at least one edge of the current block may include:

determining the candidate positions based on pixel positions and colourcomponent intensity values corresponding to reference pixels adjacent tothe at least one edge of the current block.

It should be noted that colour component intensity may be expressed by acolour component value, such as a brightness value, a chroma value, etc.Herein, the larger the colour component value, the higher the colourcomponent intensity. The selected reference pixels in the embodiment ofthe present application may be selected according to the candidatepositions of the candidate pixels. The candidate positions may bedetermined according to the pixel positions or the colour componentintensity values (such as brightness values, chroma values, etc.), whichis not specifically limited in the embodiment of the presentapplication.

In S303, model parameters of a prediction model are calculated accordingto the subset of adjacent reference pixels, wherein the prediction modelincludes N prediction sub-models, the N prediction sub-models correspondto N groups of model parameters, and the prediction sub-models are usedto preform, through corresponding model parameters, cross-componentprediction of the colour components to be predicted, with N being apositive integer greater than or equal to 2.

It should be noted that multiple sets of model parameters may becalculated according to the subset of adjacent reference pixels, and aprediction sub-model may be constructed according to each set of modelparameters. Thus, if N groups of model parameters are calculated, then Nprediction sub-models can be obtained.

It should also be noted that the prediction model may be a nonlinearmodel or a complex model. The complex model may be a nonlinear model inthe form of nonlinear curve such as quadratic curve, or a multi-modelcomposed of multiple linear models. Thus, for the complex model, sincesome unimportant reference pixels or some abnormal reference pixels havebeen removed from the subset of adjacent reference pixels, the N groupsof model parameters determined according to the subset of adjacentreference pixels are more accurate, thereby improving the precision ofthe complex model and improving the prediction accuracy of colourcomponents to be processed.

In an a method for predicting colour components provided by theembodiment, by determining adjacent reference pixels of the currentblock in a picture, a subset of adjacent reference pixels is constructedaccording to the adjacent reference pixels, wherein the subset ofadjacent reference pixels contains a part of the adjacent referencepixels; and model parameters of a prediction model are calculatedaccording to the subset of adjacent reference pixels, wherein theprediction model includes N prediction sub-models, the N predictionsub-models correspond to N groups of model parameters, and theprediction sub-models are used to carry out, through corresponding modelparameters, cross-component prediction of the colour components to bepredicted, with N being a positive integer greater than or equal to 2.In this way, due to screening processing of the adjacent referencepixels of the current block, unimportant reference pixels or abnormalreference pixels may be removed, so as to decrease the number of pixelsin the set of adjacent reference pixels, such that there are less pixelsin the subset of adjacent reference pixels, thereby not only reducingcomputational complexity and memory bandwidth, but also improving theprecision of the prediction model. In addition, by carrying out, by atleast two prediction sub-models, cross-component prediction of thecolour components to be predicted, the prediction accuracy of the colourcomponents to be processed is improved, and the prediction efficiency ofvideo pictures is improved as well.

Further, some unimportant reference pixels or some abnormal referencepixels may be contained in the obtained adjacent reference pixels. Thesereference pixels will affect the calculation of the model parameters,thereby affecting the accuracy of the prediction model. At this time, apart of the reference pixels may be selected according the adjacentreference pixels to form the subset of adjacent reference pixels, andthe model parameters may be calculated according to the subset ofadjacent reference pixels.

It should be noted that a part of the selected reference pixels in theembodiment of the present application may be selected according to pixelpositions corresponding to the reference pixels, or according to colourcomponent intensity values (such as brightness values, chroma values,etc.) corresponding to the reference pixels, which is not specificallylimited in the embodiments of the present application. The adjacentreference pixels are screened, whether according to the pixel positionscorresponding to the reference pixels or the colour component intensityvalues corresponding to the reference pixels, to select the appropriatereference pixels to further form the subset of adjacent referencepixels. Thus, the model parameters derived from the subset of adjacentreference pixels are more accurate, so that the prediction modelconstructed according to the model parameters can be more accurate aswell.

In some embodiments, determining the candidate positions of thecandidate pixels based on the at least one edge of the current block mayinclude:

determining a preset number of candidate pixels, wherein the presetnumber of the candidate pixel represents the number of pixels sampledfrom the reference pixels adjacent to the at least one edge of thecurrent block; and

determining the candidate positions according to the preset number ofthe candidate pixels and a length of the at least one edge of thecurrent block, wherein the length of the at least one edge of thecurrent block is equal to the number of pixels contained in the at leastone edge of the current block.

It should be noted that the preset number of candidate pixels representsthe preset number of pixels to be sampled, that is, the number of pixelscontained in the subset of adjacent reference pixels. Taking the pixelpositions as an example, after the preset number of candidate pixels isdetermined, the candidate positions of the candidate pixels may becalculated according to the length of the at least one edge and thepreset number of candidate pixels; then, appropriate reference pixelsare selected from the adjacent reference pixels to form the subset ofadjacent reference pixels according to the candidate positions. Thus,the model parameters calculated according to the subset of adjacentreference pixels are more accurate, thus the constructed predictionmodel can be more accurate, thereby improving the prediction accuracy ofthe colour components to be predicted and improving the predictionefficiency of video pictures.

Further, to determine the candidate positions, a first sampling intervalmay be calculated first, and then the at least one edge is sampledaccording to the first sampling interval to determine the candidatepositions of the candidate pixels corresponding to the at least oneedge. Therefore, in some embodiments, determining the candidatepositions of the candidate pixels based on the at least one edge of thecurrent block may include:

calculating the first sampling interval according to the preset numberof candidate pixels and the length of the at least one edge of thecurrent block; and

determining a reference point from the at least one edge of the currentblock, and determining the candidate positions according to the firstsampling interval.

It should be noted that the reference point may be a midpoint of the atleast one edge, or a left-center first reference pixel position of theat least one edge, or a right-center first reference pixel position ofthe at least one edge, or even other reference pixel positions of the atleast one edge, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment ofthe present application.

Specifically, the midpoint of the at least one edge may be determinedaccording to the length of the at least one edge, and then the midpointof the at least one edge may be used as the reference point. Thereference point may be the midpoint of the at least one edge, or theleft-center first reference pixel position of the at least one edge, orthe right-center first reference pixel position of the at least oneedge, or even other reference pixel positions of the at least one edge,which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the presentapplication.

It should be noted that, considering that the importance of thereference pixels adjacent to the at least one edge of the current blockis related to their corresponding positions, in order to enable thereference pixels in the subset of adjacent reference pixels to representcharacteristics of the whole adjacent edge, the reference pixels at thecenter position of the edge need to be selected to one's best, so as toeliminate points with low importance (such as reference pixels at twosides of the edge). In the embodiment of the present application, if theupper edge of the current block is described by way of example, theright-center or left-center first reference pixel position may be usedas the reference point of this edge; if the left edge of the currentblock is described by way of example, the lower-center or upper-centerfirst reference pixel position may be used as the reference point ofthis edge.

In addition, before the reference point is determined, the preset numberof reference pixels corresponding to an end position of one edge of thecurrent block may be deleted first, or for the edge, the referencepixels may be initially offset from the end position according to apreset offset, the offset reference pixel position is used as a startingpoint to obtain a new edge, and then a middle position corresponding tothe new edge is used as the reference point. Accordingly, the presetnumber of reference pixels corresponding to a start position of one edgeof the current block may be deleted first, or for the edge, thereference pixels may be initially offset from the start positionaccording to a preset offset, the offset reference pixel position isused as a starting point to obtain a new edge, and then a middleposition corresponding to the new edge is used as the reference point.

In practical applications, because the length of the left edge or theupper edge of the current block is an integer multiple of 2, the middleposition of the left edge or the upper edge of the current block isbetween two points. In the example of FIG. 4, a first pixel at aleft-center position is used as a midpoint of the edge; however, in theembodiment of the present application, a first pixel at a right-centerposition is used as a midpoint of the edge, as shown in FIG. 5. In FIG.4, the first pixel (e.g., 3 in FIG. 4) at the left-center position isused as the midpoint of the edge. Since the preset number of samples is2, positions (e.g., gray points in FIG. 4) of the reference pixels to beselected may be determined to be 1 and 5. Reference pixels correspondingto these reference pixels may be selected according to these referencepixel positions, to form the subset of adjacent reference pixels.Therefore, in the embodiment of the present application, for the upperedge of the current block, a first pixel at a right-center position maybe used as a midpoint of the edge, and a first pixel at a right-centerposition may also be used as a midpoint of the edge, which is notspecifically limited in the embodiment of the present application. Inaddition, for the left edge of the current block, a first pixel at alower-center position may be used as a midpoint of the edge, and a firstpixel at a upper-center position may also be used as a midpoint of theedge, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the presentapplication.

Unless otherwise specified, the upper edge of the current block will bedescribed below by way of example, but the method for predicting colourcomponents in accordance with the embodiment of the present applicationis also applied to the left edge of the current block, or even the rightedge of the reconstructed block or the lower edge of the reconstructedblock, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of thepresent application.

It may be understood that if the existence of the reference pixelsadjacent to the left edge or the upper edge of the current block is notconsidered, a second set of reference pixels may also be constructedaccording to formula (1) and formula (2):

$\begin{matrix}{\Delta = {{length}/\left( {N_{2}/2} \right)}} & (1)\end{matrix}$ $\begin{matrix}{{shift} = {\Delta/2}} & (2)\end{matrix}$

wherein A represents a sampling interval, length represents the numberof reference pixels in a row adjacent to the upper edge of the currentblock or the number of reference pixels in a column adjacent to the leftedge of the current block, Na represents the expected number ofreference pixels forming the subset of adjacent reference pixels of thecurrent block (generally speaking, the left edge and the upper edge eachcorresponds to a half of the reference pixels, but the embodiment of thepresent application is not specifically limited thereto), and shiftrepresents a starting point position of a selected reference pixel.Herein, when the middle position of the left edge or the upper edge ofthe current block is between two points, if the first pixel at theright-center position is used as the midpoint of the edge, then thestarting point position-shift=Δ/2, at which point if the first pixel atthe left-center position is used as the midpoint of the edge, then thestarting point position shift=Δ/2−1.

Illustratively, taking the upper edge shown in FIG. 4 as an example,length is equal to 8 and Na is equal to 4. Assuming that the left edgeand the upper edge each corresponds to a half of the reference pixels,that is, the preset number of samples of the upper edge is 2,Δ=length/(N₂/2)=4 and shift=Δ/2=2 are calculated according to formula(1) and formula (2) respectively. That is, positions of the selectedreference pixels, for example, 1 and 5 may be determined by using 1 asthe starting point position and 4 as the sampling interval, to furtherselect the corresponding reference pixels to form the subset of adjacentreference pixels. Herein, it should be noted that the value of thepreset number of samples corresponding to the left edge may be the sameas or different from the value of the preset number of samplescorresponding to the upper edge, which is not specifically limited inthe embodiment of the present application.

It should also be noted that the first sampling interval correspondingto an edge of the current block may be calculated according to thepreset number of candidate pixels and the length of the edge. Inaddition, if the length of the left edge or the upper edge of thecurrent block is an integer multiple of 2, the middle position of theleft edge or the upper edge of the current block is between two points,at which point the calculated midpoint value is a non-integer and thecalculated reference pixel position is also a non-integer; while if thelength of the left edge or the upper edge of the current block is not aninteger multiple of 2, the middle position of the left edge or the upperedge of the current block is between two points, at which point thecalculated midpoint value is an integer and the calculated referencepixel position is also an integer; accordingly, the calculated referencepixel position may also be an integer or a non-integer, which is notspecifically limited in the embodiment of the present application.

Thus, when the calculated midpoint value is an integer, the calculatedreference pixel position is also an integer accordingly, at which pointthe calculated reference pixel position may be used as candidatepositions directly; when the calculated midpoint value is a non-integer,the calculated reference pixel position is also a non-integeraccordingly, at which point the candidate positions may be determined byrounding the calculated reference pixel position up or down to thenearest integer.

Further, in some embodiments, after the first sampling interval iscalculated, the method may further includes:

adjusting the first sampling interval to obtain a second samplinginterval; and

determining the candidate positions according to the second samplinginterval based on the reference point.

It should be noted that after the first sampling interval is calculated,the first sampling interval may also be adjusted finely, for example, 1is added to or subtracted from the first sampling interval to obtain thesecond sampling interval. For example, if the first sampling interval is4, the adjusted second sampling interval may be 3 or 5. In theembodiment of the present application, minor adjustment may be made tothe first sampling interval, but the specific setting for the amplitudeof the adjustment in not specifically limited in the embodiment of thepresent application.

Further, in some embodiments, after the first sampling interval iscalculated, the method may further includes:

based on the reference point, determining the candidate positionscorresponding to one side of the reference point according to the firstsampling interval, and determining the candidate positions correspondingto the other side of the reference point according to the secondsampling interval.

That is to say, after the reference point of the at least one edge ofthe current block is determined, uniform sampling may be carried outaccording to the first sampling interval or the second samplinginterval; non-uniform sampling may also be carried out according to thefirst sampling interval and the second sampling interval, and thecandidate positions determined after sampling may be symmetricallydistributed at two sides of the reference point or asymmetricallydistributed at the two sides of the reference point; which in notspecifically limited in the embodiment of the present application.

Further, since reference pixels located in the middle position of atleast one edge are associated with the colour components to be predictedof the current block in the adjacent reference pixels, the referencepixel positions of the preset number of continuous samples near themiddle position may be used as reference pixel positions to be selected,so such method may be referred to as a middle position continuous pointsampling scheme. Specifically, assuming that the reference pixelpositions in a row/column adjacent to the upper edge or left edge of thecurrent block are numbered from 0, the number of adjacent referencepixels forming the subset of adjacent reference pixels and thecorresponding reference pixel positions to be selected in the presentembodiment are shown in table 1. At this time, the reference pixelpositions of the preset number of continuous samples near the middleposition may be used as candidate positions, to form the subset ofadjacent reference pixels.

TABLE 1 Length of at least one edge Candidate Preset number of of thecurrent block position candidate pixels 2 0, 1 2 4 1, 2 2 8 2, 3, 4 (or3, 4, 5) 3 16 6, 7, 8, 9 4 32 13, 14, 15, 16, 8 17, 18, 19, 20

Further, for screening of the adjacent parameter pixels, the referencepixels of the at least one edge may also be skipped, that is,unimportant reference pixels or abnormal reference pixels may be skipped(which may also be regarded as deletion processing), so as to obtain thesubset of adjacent reference pixels. Also, based on this, after a partof the reference pixels of the at least one edge are skipped, theremaining reference pixels are screened to obtain the subset of adjacentreference pixels. Therefore, in some embodiments, determining thecandidate positions of the candidate pixels based on the at least oneedge of the current block may include:

determining the preset number K of skipped pixels corresponding to theat least one edge of the current block, wherein K is a positive integergreater than or equal to 1;

determining positions corresponding to the K pixels to be skippedstarting from a start position and/or an end position of the at leastone edge of the current block;

skipping continuously the K pixels to be skipped from the start positionand/or the end position of the at least one edge of the current blockbased on the positions corresponding to the K pixels to be skipped toobtain at least one new edge of the current block; and

determining the candidate positions based on the at least one new edgeof the current block and the preset number of candidate pixels.

It should be noted that the preset number of skipped pixels representsthe preset number of pixels to be deleted or skipped. In addition, thestart position of the at least one edge represents the leftmost edgeposition of the upper edge of the current block or the uppermost edgeposition of the left edge of the current block, and the end position ofthe at least one edge represents the rightmost edge position of theupper edge of the current block or the lowermost edge position of theleft edge of the current block.

It should also be noted that the value of K may be the preset number ofreference pixels, such as 1, 2 or 4, or may also be calculated accordingto the length of the current block and its corresponding preset ratio.However, in practical applications, it is still set according to theactual situations, which is not specifically limited in the embodimentof the present application. The preset ratio corresponding to the upperedge of the current block may be represented by a first preset ratio,and the preset ratio corresponding to the left edge of the current blockmay be represented by a second preset ratio. The value of the firstpreset ratio may be the same as or be different from the second presetratio, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of thepresent application.

Thus, assuming that starting from the start position of the at least oneedge, if the at least one edge is the upper edge of the current block(which may also be referred to as a reference row of the current block),then the positions corresponding to the K pixels to be skipped may bedetermined starting from the leftmost edge position of the at least oneedge; if the at least one edge is the left edge of the current block(which may also be referred to as a reference column of the currentblock), then the positions corresponding to the K pixels to be skippedmay be determined starting from the uppermost edge position of the atleast one edge; assuming that starting from the end position of the atleast one edge, if the at least one edge is the upper edge of thecurrent block, then the positions corresponding to the K pixels to beskipped may be determined starting from the rightmost edge position ofthe at least one edge; if the at least one edge is the left edge of thecurrent block, then the positions corresponding to the K pixels to beskipped may be determined starting from the lowermost edge position ofthe at least one edge. In practical applications, it is set according tothe actual situations, which is not specifically limited in theembodiment of the present application.

After the positions corresponding to the K pixels to be skipped aredetermined, assuming that starting from the start position of the atleast one edge, if the at least one edge is the upper edge of thecurrent block, then starting from the leftmost edge position of theupper edge, positions corresponding to the K consecutive pixels to beskipped may be determined to the right, and then these K pixels to beskipped continuously to obtain a new upper edge, at which pointcandidate positions corresponding to the new upper edge may bedetermined according to the length of the new upper edge and the presetnumber of candidate pixels, so as to compose the selected candidatepixels into the subset of adjacent reference pixels; if the at least oneedge is the left edge of the current block, then starting from theuppermost edge position of the left edge, positions corresponding to theK consecutive pixels to be skipped may be determined downward, and thenthese K pixels to be skipped continuously to obtain a new left edge, atwhich point candidate positions corresponding to the new left edge maybe determined according to the length of the new left edge and thepreset number of candidate pixels, so as to compose the selectedcandidate pixels into the subset of adjacent reference pixels.Alternatively, assuming that starting from the end position of the atleast one edge, if the at least one edge is the upper edge of thecurrent block, then starting from the rightmost edge position of theupper edge, positions corresponding to the K consecutive pixels to beskipped may be determined to the left, and then these K pixels to beskipped continuously to obtain a new upper edge, at which pointcandidate positions corresponding to the new upper edge may bedetermined according to the length of the new upper edge and the presetnumber of candidate pixels, so as to compose the selected candidatepixels into the subset of adjacent reference pixels; if the at least oneedge is the left edge of the current block, then starting from thelowermost edge position of the left edge, positions corresponding to theK consecutive pixels to be skipped may be determined upward, and thenthese K pixels to be skipped continuously to obtain a new left edge, atwhich point candidate positions corresponding to the new left edge maybe determined according to the length of the new left edge and thepreset number of candidate pixels, so as to compose the selectedcandidate pixels into the subset of adjacent reference pixels.

Thus, in the embodiment of the present application, the model parameterscorresponding to a complex model (such as a nonlinear model ormulti-model) are derived using a part of adjacent reference pixels(i.e., the subset of adjacent reference pixels) obtained from theadjacent reference pixels of the current block. Since unimportantreference pixels or abnormal reference pixels have been eliminated fromthe obtained subset (i.e., the subset of adjacent reference pixels),there are less reference pixels in the subset, such that not only thecomputational complexity and memory bandwidth is reduced, but also theaccuracy of the complex model is improved, thereby achieving the purposeof improving the prediction accuracy of the colour components to beprocessed and the prediction efficiency of video pictures.

Further, after the subset of adjacent reference pixels is determined,the model parameters of the prediction model may be calculated accordingto the subset of adjacent reference pixels to construct the predictionmodel. The prediction model may include N prediction sub-models, N beinga positive integer greater than or equal to 2. Therefore, in someembodiments, as for S303, calculating the model parameters of theprediction model according to the subset of adjacent reference pixelsmay include:

constructing N first subsets of adjacent reference pixels according tothe subset of adjacent reference pixels; and

calculating N groups of model parameters corresponding to the Nprediction sub-models based on the N first subsets of adjacent referencepixels, wherein each of the prediction sub-models corresponds to a setof model parameters.

Further, constructing the N first subsets of adjacent reference pixelsaccording to the subset of adjacent reference pixels may include:

determining at least one threshold according to the subset of adjacentreference pixels; and

dividing the subset of adjacent reference pixels into the N firstsubsets of adjacent reference pixels according to the at least onethreshold.

It should be noted that the threshold is the basis for classifying thereference pixels contained in the subset of adjacent reference pixels,and is also the basis for classifying first colour componentreconstruction values of the current block. In addition, the thresholdis also used for indicating a set value on which establishment of aplurality of prediction sub-models are based, and the size of thethreshold is related to the first colour component reconstruction valuescorresponding to all pixels in the current block.

Specifically, the size of the threshold may be obtained by calculating amean value of the first colour component reconstruction valuescorresponding to all pixels in the current block, or by calculating amedian value of the first colour component reconstruction valuescorresponding to all pixels in the current block, which is notspecifically limited in the embodiment of the present application.

In the embodiment of the present application, first, the mean value Meanmay be calculated according to the first colour component reconstructionvalues corresponding to all pixels in the current block and formula (3):

$\begin{matrix}{{Mean} = \frac{\sum{{Rec}_{L}\left\lbrack {i,j} \right\rbrack}}{M}} & (3)\end{matrix}$

wherein Mean represents a mean value of reconstruction luma valuescorresponding to all pixels in the current block, ΣRec_(L,)[i,j]represents the sum of the reconstruction luma values corresponding toall pixels in the current block, and M represents the number of samplesof the reconstruction luma values corresponding to all pixels in thecurrent block.

Secondly, the calculated mean value Mean is used as the thresholddirectly, and the second set of reference pixels may be divided into twogroups using the threshold, so as to establish two predictionsub-models, but the embodiment of the present application is not limitedthereto.

Thus, after the mean value Mean is calculated according to the firstcolour component reconstruction values corresponding to all pixels inthe current block, if two prediction sub-models need to be established,Mean may be used as the threshold directly, and the reference pixels inthe subset of adjacent reference pixels may be divided into two groupsaccording to the threshold, indicating that the two predictionsub-models may be established subsequently. If three predictionsub-models need to be established, then (a first colour componentminimum reconstruction value+Mean +1)>>1 may be used as a firstthreshold, and (the first colour component maximum reconstructionvalue+Mean+1)>>1 may be used as a second threshold. the reference pixelsin the second set of reference pixels may be divided into three groupsaccording to the two thresholds, indicating that the three predictionsub-models may be established subsequently.

Further, in some embodiments, after the model parameters of theprediction model are calculated according to the subset of adjacentreference pixels, the method may further include:

determining a first colour component reconstruction value correspondingto each pixel in the current block;

selecting one prediction sub-model from the N prediction sub-models; and

calculating a second colour component prediction value corresponding toeach pixel in the current block according to the selected predictionsub-model and the first colour component reconstruction valuecorresponding to each pixel in the current block, wherein the colourcomponent to be predicted is a second colour component.

Further, selecting one prediction sub-model from the N predictionsub-models may include:

comparing the first colour component reconstruction value correspondingto each pixel in the current block with the at least one threshold; and

selecting the prediction sub-model corresponding to each pixel in thecurrent block from the N prediction sub-models according to a result ofthe comparison.

It should be noted that at least two subsets of reference pixels may beobtained by grouping the subset of adjacent reference pixels accordingto the at least one threshold, and then at least two sets of modelparameters may be determined. Specifically, the mean value Mean may beused as the threshold directly, and then a first colour componentadjacent reference value corresponding to each reference pixel in thesubset of adjacent reference pixels is compared with Mean, for example,first colour component adjacent reference values greater than Mean forma first subset of first colour component adjacent reference values lessthan Mean form a second subset of reference pixels, to obtain two groupsof subsets of reference pixels; a first set of model parameters αa1 andβ1 are determined according to the reference pixels in the first subsetof reference pixels; and a second set of model parameters α2 and β2 aredetermined according to the reference pixels in the second subset ofreference pixels.

It should also be noted that after at least two prediction sub-modelsare established, the first colour component reconstruction valuecorresponding to each pixel in the current block may be compared withthe at least one threshold, and a prediction sub-model corresponding toeach pixel may be selected from the at least two prediction sub-modelsaccording to a result of the comparison. Then, the colour components tobe predicted are predicted according to the selected predictionsub-models, so as to obtain prediction values of the colour componentsto be predicted.

Illustratively, assuming that the first colour component adjacentreference values corresponding to the reference pixels adjacent to thecurrent block are represented by L(n), second colour component adjacentreference values corresponding to the reference pixels adjacent to thecurrent block are represented by C(n), and the threshold is representedby Threshold. Referring to FIG. 6, which shows a schematic diagram ofgrouping of adjacent reference pixels of the current block in accordancewith an embodiment of the present application. In FIG. 6, all referencepixels adjacent to the current block may be divided into two portions,for example, the first subset of reference pixels and the second subsetof reference pixels, with the threshold as a demarcation point. The meanvalue Mean of the first colour component reconstruction values of allpixels in the current block is used as the threshold, that is, Threshold=Mean. Thus, if L(n) Threshold, the reference pixels corresponding toL(n) may be determined as the first subset of reference pixels, tofurther obtain first colour component adjacent reference values L(m) andsecond colour component adjacent reference values C(m) corresponding toall reference pixels in the first subset of reference pixels; ifL(n) >Threshold, the reference pixels corresponding to L(n) may bedetermined as the second subset of reference pixels, to further obtainfirst colour component adjacent reference values L(k) and second colourcomponent adjacent reference values C(k) corresponding to all referencepixels in the second subset of reference pixels.

Thus, after the first colour component adjacent reference values L(m)and the second colour component adjacent reference values C(m)corresponding to all reference pixels in the first subset of referencepixels are obtained, they may be used as separate training sets, therebytraining the first set of model parameters α1 and β1; after the firstcolour component adjacent reference values L(k) and the second colourcomponent adjacent reference values C(k) corresponding to all referencepixels in the second subset of reference pixels are obtained, they maybe used as separate training sets, thereby training the second set ofmodel parameters α2 and β2. Specifically, the first set of modelparameters α1 and β1 are calculated according to L(m), C(m) and formula(4), as shown below:

$\begin{matrix}\left\{ \begin{matrix}{{\alpha 1} = \frac{{M \cdot {\sum\left( {{L(m)} \cdot {C(m)}} \right)}} - {\sum{{L(m)} \cdot {\sum{C(m)}}}}}{{M \cdot {\sum\left( {{L(m)} \cdot {L(m)}} \right)}} - {\sum{{L(m)} \cdot {\sum{L(m)}}}}}} \\{{\beta 1} = \frac{{\sum{C(m)}} - {\alpha{1 \cdot {\sum{L(m)}}}}}{M}}\end{matrix} \right. & (4)\end{matrix}$

The second set of model parameters α2 and β2 are calculated according toL(k), C(k) and formula (5), as shown below:

$\begin{matrix}\left\{ \begin{matrix}{{\alpha 2} = \frac{{K \cdot {\sum\left( {{l(k)} \cdot {C(k)}} \right)}} - {\sum{{L(k)} \cdot {\sum{C(k)}}}}}{{K \cdot {\sum\left( {{L(k)} \cdot {L(k)}} \right)}} - {\sum{{L(k)} \cdot {\sum{L(k)}}}}}} \\{{\beta 2} = \frac{{\sum{C(k)}} - {\alpha{2 \cdot {\sum{L(k)}}}}}{K}}\end{matrix} \right. & (5)\end{matrix}$

After the first set of model parameters α1 and β1 and the second set ofmodel parameters α2 and β2 are obtained respectively, a first predictionsub-model Pr ed_(1C)[i,j] and a second prediction sub-model Pred_(2C)[i,j] may also be established according to formula (6), as shownbelow:

$\begin{matrix}\left\{ \begin{matrix}{{{{Pred}_{1C}\left\lbrack {i,j} \right\rbrack} = {{\alpha 1 \times R{{ec}_{L}\left\lbrack {i,j} \right\rbrack}} + {\beta 1}}},} & {{{if}{{Rec}_{L}\left\lbrack {i,j} \right\rbrack}} \leq {Threshold}} \\{{{Pre{d_{2C}\left\lbrack {i,j} \right\rbrack}} = {{\alpha 2 \times {{Rec}_{L}\left\lbrack {i,j} \right\rbrack}} + {\beta 2}}},} & {{{if}\ {{Rec}_{L}\left\lbrack {i,j} \right\rbrack}} > {Threshold}}\end{matrix} \right. & (6)\end{matrix}$

wherein M represents the number of reference pixels in the first subsetof reference pixels, K represents the number of reference pixels in thesecond subset of reference pixels, i and j represent a positioncoordinate of each pixel in the current block, i represents thehorizontal direction and j represents the vertical direction; Thresholdrepresents a threshold, which may be obtained by averaging the firstcolour component reconstruction values corresponding to all pixels inthe current block; Rec_(l,)[i,j] represents a first colour componentreconstruction value corresponding to a pixel with the positioncoordinate of [i,j] in the current block; Pr ed _(1C)[i,j] represents asecond colour component prediction value of the pixel with the positioncoordinate of [i,j] in the current block obtained using the firstprediction sub-model, and Pr ed_(2C)[i,j] represents a second colourcomponent prediction value of the pixel with the position coordinate of[i,j] in the current block obtained using the second predictionsub-model.

Specifically, for a complex model (which includes two or more linearmodels, for example), the colour components to be predicted may bepredicted using the prediction mode of MMLM. For the current block,pairs of prediction sub-models corresponding to different modelparameters may be selected for pixels with different positioncoordinates to construct prediction values. For example, assuming thatthere are two linear models, and there are two pixels m and n in thecurrent block. The two pixels have two different luma reconstructionvalues, which are between two different intervals.

Thus, a chroma prediction value may be obtained for the pixel m using aprediction model shown in equation (7):

$\begin{matrix}{C_{m}^{\prime} = {{{\alpha 1} \times Y_{m}} + {\beta 1}}} & (7)\end{matrix}$

wherein α1 and β1 are a set of model parameters, Y_(m) is a lumareconstruction value corresponding to the pixel m, and C_(m) is a chromaprediction value corresponding to the pixel m.

A chroma prediction value may be obtained for the pixel n using aprediction model shown in equation (8):

$\begin{matrix}{C_{n}^{\prime} = {{{\alpha 2} \times Y_{n}} + {\beta 2}}} & (8)\end{matrix}$

wherein α2 and β2 are a set of model parameters, Y_(n) is a lumareconstruction value corresponding to the pixel n, and is a chromaprediction value corresponding to the pixel n.

In addition, in the embodiments of the present application, more complexprediction models (such as more complex nonlinear models or more complexmulti-models) may also be constructed for the purpose of implementingcross-component prediction or cross-component prediction, for example,chroma values may be predicted according to the obtained lumareconstruction values, or luma values may be predicted according to theobtained chroma reconstruction values, or even different chroma valuesmay be predicted.

The present embodiment provides a method for predicting colourcomponents, and the specific implementation of the previous embodimentsis described in detail. It can be seen, through the technical schemes ofthe previous embodiments, due to screening processing of the adjacentreference pixels of the current block, unimportant reference pixels orabnormal reference pixels can be removed, so as to decrease the numberof samples required for derivation of the model parameters incross-component prediction, such that not only the computationalcomplexity and memory bandwidth is reduced, but also the predictionmodel is optimized, improving the accuracy of the prediction model. Inaddition, in the present application, the derivation process of themodel parameters in the complex model (nonlinear model or multi-model)is mainly optimized, to implement, using at least two predictionsub-models, the prediction of the colour components to be predicted,thereby improving the prediction accuracy of the colour components to bepredicted and improving the prediction efficiency of video pictures.

Referring to FIG. 7, which shows is a schematic flow chart of anothermethod for predicting colour components in accordance with an embodimentof the present application. As shown in FIG. 7, the method may includethe following acts.

In S701, a first set of reference pixels of a first colour component ofthe current block in a picture is determined, wherein the first set ofreference pixels contains adjacent pixels in the current block.

In S702, N first subsets of reference pixels are constructed using afirst set of reference pixels, wherein the first subsets of referencepixels contain a part of pixels in the first set of reference pixels, Nbeing equal to the number of prediction models.

In S703, model parameters of the N prediction models are calculatedrespectively using the N first subsets of reference pixels, wherein theprediction models are used for mapping a value of the first colourcomponent of the current block to a prediction value of a second colourcomponent of the current block, the second colour component beingdifferent from the first colour component.

It should be noted that a video picture may be divided into a pluralityof picture blocks, and each picture block to be encoded presently may becalled a coding block. Each coding block may include a first colourcomponent, a second colour component and a third colour component. Thecurrent block is a coding block in the video picture by which the firstcolour component, the second colour component or the third colourcomponent are to be predicted. When the first colour component needs tobe predicted by a prediction model, the colour component to be predictedis the first colour component; when the second colour component needs tobe predicted by the prediction model, the colour component to bepredicted is the second colour component; when the third colourcomponent needs to be predicted by the prediction model, the colourcomponent to be predicted is the third colour component. In theembodiment of the present application, the colour component to bepredicted is described by taking the second colour component as anexample, and the value of the first colour component of the currentblock may be mapped to the prediction value of the second colourcomponent of the current block through the prediction model.

It should also be noted that the prediction model may be a nonlinearmodel or a complex model. The complex model may be a nonlinear model inthe form of nonlinear curve such as quadratic curve, or a multi-modelcomposed of multiple linear models. Thus, for the complex model, sincethere may be some unimportant reference pixels (for example, correlationof these reference pixels is poor) or some abnormal reference pixels inthe subset of adjacent reference pixels, in order to ensure the accuracyof derivation of the model parameter, these reference pixels need to beeliminated to construct the subset of reference pixels, so that themodel parameters determined according to the subset of reference pixelsare more accurate, thereby not only improving the precision of thecomplex model, but also improving the prediction accuracy of the colourcomponents to be processed.

In a method for predicting colour components provided by the presentapplication, by determining a first set of reference pixelscorresponding to a first colour component of the current block in apicture, wherein the first set of reference pixels contains adjacentpixels in the current block; constructing N first subsets of referencepixels using a first set of reference pixels, wherein the first subsetsof reference pixels contain a part of pixels in the set of firstreference pixels, N being equal to the number of prediction models; andcalculating model parameters of the N prediction models respectivelyusing the N first subsets of reference pixels, wherein the predictionmodels are used for mapping a value of the first colour component of thecurrent block to a prediction value of a second colour component of thecurrent block, the second colour component being different from thefirst colour component; in this way, due to screening processing of theadjacent reference pixels of the current block, unimportant referencepixels or abnormal reference pixels can be removed, so as to decreasethe number of pixels in the set of adjacent reference pixels, such thatthere are less pixels in the subset of adjacent reference pixels,thereby not only reducing computational complexity and memory bandwidth,but also improving the precision of the prediction model. In addition,cross-prediction prediction of the colour components to be processed iscarried out through at least two prediction sub-models, therebyimproving the prediction accuracy of the colour components to beprocessed and improving the prediction efficiency of video pictures.

Further, in some embodiments, as for S702, constructing the N firstsubsets of reference pixels using the first set of reference pixels mayinclude:

determining at least one threshold according to the first set ofreference pixels; and

dividing the first set of reference pixels into the N first subsets ofreference pixels according to the at least one threshold.

It should be noted that the value of N is a positive integer greaterthan or equal to 2.

It should also be noted that the threshold is the basis for classifyingthe reference pixels contained in the subset of adjacent referencepixels, and is also the basis for classifying first colour componentreconstruction values of the current block. In addition, the thresholdis also used for indicating a set value on which establishment of aplurality of prediction sub-models are based, and the size of thethreshold is related to the first colour component reconstruction valuescorresponding to all pixels in the current block. Specifically, the sizeof the threshold may be obtained by calculating a mean value of thefirst colour component reconstruction values corresponding to all pixelsin the current block, or by calculating a median value of the firstcolour component reconstruction values corresponding to all pixels inthe current block, which is not specifically limited in the embodimentof the present application.

In some embodiments, as for S701, determining the first set of referencepixels of the first colour component of the current block in the picturemay include:

obtaining the first set of reference pixels according to a part or allof pixels on an edge of the current block, wherein the edge of thecurrent block includes at least one of an upper adjacent row, a rightupper adjacent row, a left adjacent column and a left lower adjacentcolumn

It should be noted that at least one edge of the current block mayinclude at least one of the upper row (which may also be referred to asan upper edge), the right upper row (which may also be referred to as anright upper edge), the left column (which may also be referred to as anleft edge) or the left lower column (which may also be referred to as anleft lower edge). Some or all pixels on these edges of the current blockmay form the first set of reference pixels.

Further, because there may be some unimportant reference pixels (forexample, correlation of these reference pixels is poor) or some abnormalreference pixels in the adjacent reference pixels of the current block,the adjacent reference pixels need to be screened, and the screenedcandidate pixels form the first set of reference pixels. Therefore, insome embodiments, obtaining the first set of reference pixels accordingto a part or all of the pixels on the edge of the current block mayinclude:

determining candidate positions of the candidate pixels on the edge ofthe current block; and

obtaining the first set of reference pixels according to the pixels atthe candidate positions.

Further, determining the candidate positions of the candidate pixels onthe edge of the current block may include:

determining the candidate positions according to pixel positionscorresponding to the pixels on the edge of the current block.

Further, determining the candidate positions of the candidate pixels onthe edge of the current block may include:

determining the candidate positions according to first colour componentvalues corresponding to the pixels on the edge of the current block.

Further, determining the candidate positions of the candidate pixels onthe edge of the current block may include:

determining the candidate positions according to the pixel positionscorresponding to the pixels on the edge of the current block and thefirst colour component values corresponding to the pixels on the edge ofthe current block.

It should be noted that the first colour component values are mainlyused for characterizing the colour component intensity, such as lumavalues, chroma values, etc., of the pixels. Herein, the larger thecolour component value, the higher the colour component intensity.

It should also be noted that in the embodiment of the presentapplication, the reference pixels may be selected according thecandidate positions of the candidate pixels. The candidate positions maybe determined according to the pixel positions, or the first colourcomponent values (such as luma values, chroma values, etc.), or both thepixel positions and the first colour component values, which is notspecifically limited in the embodiment of the present application. Thatis to say, in the embodiment of the present application, a part of thereference pixels may be selected according to the pixel positionscorresponding to the reference pixels, or according to colour componentintensity values (such as luma values, chroma values, etc.)corresponding to the reference pixels. The adjacent reference pixels arescreened, whether according to the pixel positions corresponding to thereference pixels or according to the colour component intensity valuescorresponding to the reference pixels, to select appropriate referencepixels, to further form the first set of reference pixels. Thus, afterthe first set of reference pixels is divided into N first subsets ofreference pixels, the model parameters derived from the N first subsetsof reference pixels are more accurate, so that the prediction modelconstructed according to the model parameters can be more accurate.

Further, to determine the candidate positions, a first sampling intervalmay be calculated first, and then the at least one edge is sampledaccording to the first sampling interval to determine the candidatepositions of the candidate pixels corresponding to the at least oneedge. Therefore, in some embodiments, determining the candidatepositions of the candidate pixels based on the at least one edge of thecurrent block may include:

determining the preset number of candidate pixels, wherein the presetnumber of candidate pixels represents the number of selected pixels onthe edge of the current block; and

determining the candidate positions according to the preset number ofpixels and the length of the edge of the current block, wherein thelength of the edge of the current block is equal to the number of pixelson the edge of the current block.

It should be noted that the preset number of candidate pixels representsthe preset number of pixels to be sampled, that is, the number of pixelscontained in the subset of adjacent reference pixels. Taking the pixelpositions as an example, after the preset number of candidate pixels isdetermined, the candidate positions of the candidate pixels may becalculated according to the length of the at least one edge and thepreset number of candidate pixels; then, the appropriate referencepixels are selected, according to the candidate positions, from theadjacent reference pixels to form the subset of adjacent referencepixels.

Further, to determine the candidate positions, the first samplinginterval may be calculated first, and then the at least one edge issampled according to the first sampling interval to determine thecandidate positions of the candidate pixels corresponding to the atleast one edge. Therefore, in some embodiments, after the preset numberof candidate pixels is determined, the method may further include:

calculating the first sampling interval according to the length of theedge of the current block and the preset number of candidate pixels.

Further, after the first sampling interval is calculated, the method mayfurther include: adjusting the first sampling interval to obtain asecond sampling interval.

Further, determining the candidate positions of the candidate pixels onthe edge of the current block may include:

determining a reference point on the edge of the current block, anddetermining the candidate positions according to the first samplinginterval, starting from the reference point.

It should be noted that the reference point may be a midpoint of the atleast one edge, or a left-center first reference pixel position of theat least one edge, or a right-center first reference pixel position ofthe at least one edge, or even other reference pixel positions of the atleast one edge, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment ofthe present application.

It should also be noted that after the first sampling interval iscalculated, the first sampling interval may also be adjusted finely, forexample, 1 is added to or subtracted from the first sampling interval toobtain the second sampling interval. For example, if the first samplinginterval is 4, the adjusted second sampling interval may be 3 or 5. Inthe embodiment of the present application, minor adjustment may be madeto the first sampling interval, but the specific setting for theamplitude of the adjustment in not specifically limited in theembodiment of the present application.

Further, in some embodiments, determining the candidate positions of thecandidate pixels on the edge of the current block may include:

determining the reference point on the edge of the current block, anddetermining the candidate positions at two sides of the reference pointaccording to the first sampling interval.

Further, in some embodiments, determining the candidate positions of thecandidate pixels on the edge of the current block may include:

determining the reference point on the edge of the current block, andstarting from the reference point, determining the candidate positionsaccording to the second sampling interval.

Further, in some embodiments, determining the candidate positions of thecandidate pixels on the edge of the current block may include:

determining the reference point on the edge of the current block, anddetermining the candidate positions at two sides of the reference pointaccording to the second sampling interval.

Further, in some embodiments, determining the candidate positions of thecandidate pixels on the edge of the current block may include:

determining the reference point on the edge of the current block,determining the candidate positions corresponding to one side of thereference point according to the first sampling interval, anddetermining the candidate positions corresponding to the other side ofthe reference point according to the second sampling interval.

It should be noted that after the reference point of the at least oneedge of the current block is determined, uniform sampling may be carriedout according to the first sampling interval or the second samplinginterval; non-uniform sampling may also be carried out according to thefirst sampling interval and the second sampling interval, and thecandidate positions determined after sampling may be symmetricallydistributed at two sides of the reference point or asymmetricallydistributed at two sides of the reference point; which in notspecifically limited in the embodiment of the present application.

Further, for screening of the adjacent parameter pixels, the referencepixels of the at least one edge may also be skipped, that is,unimportant reference pixels or abnormal reference pixels may be skipped(which may also be regarded as deletion processing), so as to obtain thesubset of adjacent reference pixels. Also, based on this, after a partof the reference pixels of the at least one edge are skipped, theremaining reference pixels are screened to obtain the subset of adjacentreference pixels. Therefore, in some embodiments, the method may furtherinclude:

determining the preset number K of skipped pixels corresponding to theat least one edge of the current block, wherein K is a non-negativeinteger; and starting from an end position of the edge of the currentblock, setting a position of the K-th pixel as the reference point,wherein the end position of the edge of the current block is a pixelposition at a head end or a rear end of the edge of the current block.

It should be noted that the preset number of skipped pixels representsthe preset number of pixels to be deleted or skipped. In addition, astart position of the at least one edge represents the leftmost edgeposition of the upper edge of the current block or the uppermost edgeposition of the left edge of the current block, and the end position ofthe at least one edge represents the rightmost edge position of theupper edge of the current block or the lowermost edge position of theleft edge of the current block.

It should also be noted that the value of K may be the preset number ofreference pixels, such as 1, 2 or 4, or may also be calculated accordingto the length of the current block and its corresponding preset ratio.However, in practical applications, it is still set according to theactual situations, which is not specifically limited in the embodimentof the present application. The preset ratio corresponding to the upperedge of the current block may be represented by a first preset ratio,and the preset ratio corresponding to the left edge of the current blockmay be represented by a second preset ratio. The value of the firstpreset ratio may be the same as or be different from the second presetratio, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of thepresent application.

Further, after N first subsets of reference pixels are determined, themodel parameters of the prediction model may be calculated according tothe N first subsets of reference pixels to construct the predictionmodel. The prediction model may include N prediction sub-models, N beinga positive integer greater than or equal to 2. Therefore, in someembodiments, after the model parameters of the N prediction models arecalculated respectively using the N first subsets of reference pixels,the method may further include:

determining first colour component reconstruction values correspondingto the pixels in the current block;

selecting one prediction sub-model from the N prediction sub-models; and

calculating second colour component prediction values corresponding tothe pixels in the current block according to the selected predictionsub-model and the first colour component reconstruction valuecorresponding to the pixels in the current block.

Further, selecting one prediction sub-model from the N predictionsub-models may include:

comparing the first colour component reconstruction values correspondingto the pixels in the current block with the at least one threshold; and

selecting the prediction sub-model used for the pixels in the currentblock from the N prediction sub-models according to a result of thecomparison.

It should be noted that after the N prediction models are established, afirst colour component reconstruction value corresponding to each pixelin the current block may be compared with the at least one threshold,and one prediction model corresponding to each pixel may be selectedfrom the N prediction models according to the result of the comparison.Then, colour components to be predicted are predicted according to theselected prediction sub-models, so as to obtain prediction values of thecolour components to be predicted.

It should also be noted that the prediction model may be a nonlinearmodel or a complex model. The complex model may be a nonlinear model inthe form of nonlinear curve such as quadratic curve, or a multi-modelcomposed of multiple linear models. Thus, for the complex model, sincesome unimportant reference pixels or some abnormal reference pixels havebeen removed from the subset of adjacent reference pixels, the N groupsof model parameters determined according to the subset of adjacentreference pixels are more accurate, thereby improving the precision ofthe complex model and improving the prediction accuracy of the colourcomponents to be processed.

In addition, in the embodiment of the present application, when themethod for predicting colour components is applied to an encoder side,the subset of adjacent reference pixels may be constructed according tothe adjacent reference pixels, then the model parameters of theprediction model may be calculated according to the subset of adjacentreference pixels, and the calculated model parameters may be writteninto a bitstream. The bitstream is transmitted from the encoder side toa decoder side. Accordingly, when the method for predicting colourcomponents is applied to the decoder side, the model parameters of theprediction model may be directly obtained by parsing the bitstream. Oron the decoder side, the subset of adjacent reference pixels may beconstructed according to the adjacent reference pixels, and then themodel parameters of the prediction model may be calculated according tothe subset of adjacent reference pixels, so as to construct theprediction model, and carry out cross-component prediction of at leastone colour component of the current block using the prediction model.

The present embodiment provides a method for predicting colourcomponents, and the specific implementation of the previous embodimentsis described in detail. It can be seen, through the technical schemes ofthe previous embodiments, due to screening processing of the adjacentreference pixels of the current block, unimportant reference pixels orabnormal reference pixels can be removed, so as to decrease the numberof pixels in the set of adjacent reference pixels, such that there areless pixels in the subset of adjacent reference pixels, thereby not onlyreducing computational complexity and memory bandwidth, but alsoimproving the precision of the prediction model. In addition, bycarrying out, by at least two prediction sub-models, cross-componentprediction of the colour components to be predicted, the predictionaccuracy of the colour components to be processed is improved, and theprediction efficiency of video pictures is improved as well.

Based on the inventive concepts same as the previous embodiments,referring to FIG. 8, which shows a schematic composition structurediagram of an encoder 80 in accordance with an embodiment of the presentapplication, which may include a first determination unit 801, a firstconstruction unit 802 and a first calculation unit 803, wherein

the first determination unit 801 is configured to determine adjacentreference pixels of the current block in a picture;

the first construction unit 802 is configured to construct a subset ofadjacent reference pixels according to the adjacent reference pixels,wherein the subset of adjacent reference pixels contains a part of theadjacent reference pixels; and

the first calculation unit 803 is configured to calculate modelparameters of a prediction model according to the subset of adjacentreference pixels, wherein the prediction model includes N predictionsub-models, the N prediction sub-models correspond to N groups of modelparameters, and the prediction sub-models are used to carry out, throughcorresponding model parameters, cross-component prediction of colourcomponents to be predicted, N being a positive integer greater than orequal to 2.

In the above scheme, referring to FIG. 8, the encoder 80 may furtherinclude a first acquisition unit 804 configured to acquire referencepixels adjacent to at least one edge of the current block, wherein theat least one edge of the current block includes at least one of an upperrow, a right upper row, a left column and a left lower column; andobtain the adjacent reference pixels according to the acquired referencepixels.

In the above scheme, referring to FIG. 8, the encoder 80 may furtherinclude a first selection unit 805, wherein

the first determination unit 801 is further configured to determinecandidate positions of candidate pixels based on the at least one edgeof the current block; and

the first selection unit 805 is configured to select reference pixelscorresponding to the candidate positions from the adjacent referencepixels, and compose the selected reference pixels into the subset ofadjacent reference pixels.

In the above scheme, the first determination unit 801 is furtherconfigured to determine the candidate positions based on pixel positionscorresponding to the reference pixels adjacent to the at least one edgeof the current block.

In the above scheme, the first determination unit 801 is furtherconfigured to determine the candidate positions based on colourcomponent intensity values corresponding to the reference pixelsadjacent to the at least one edge of the current block.

In the above scheme, the first determination unit 801 is furtherconfigured to determine the candidate positions based on pixel positionsand colour component intensity values corresponding to the referencepixels adjacent to the at least one edge of the current block.

In the above scheme, the first determination unit 801 is furtherconfigured to determine the preset number of candidate pixels, whereinthe preset number of candidate pixel represents the number of pixelssampled from the reference pixels adjacent to the at least one edge ofthe current block; and determine the candidate positions according tothe preset number of candidate pixels and the length of the at least oneedge of the current block, wherein the length of the at least one edgeof the current block is equal to the number of pixels contained in theat least one edge of the current block.

In the above scheme, the first calculation unit 803 is furtherconfigured to calculate a first sampling interval according to thepreset number of candidate pixels and the length of the at least oneedge of the current block.

The first determination unit 801 is further configured to determine areference point from the at least one edge of the current block, anddetermine the candidate positions according to the first samplinginterval.

In the above scheme, referring to FIG. 8, the encoder 80 may furtherinclude a first adjustment unit 806 configured to adjust the firstsampling interval to obtain a second sampling interval.

The first determination unit 801 is further configured to determine thecandidate positions according to the second sampling interval based onthe reference point.

In the above scheme, the first determination unit 801 is furtherconfigured to, based on the reference point, determine the candidatepositions corresponding to one side of the reference point according tothe first sampling interval, and determine the candidate positionscorresponding to the other side of the reference point according to thesecond sampling interval.

In the above scheme, the first determination unit 801 is furtherconfigured to determine the preset number K of skipped pixelscorresponding to the at least one edge of the current block, wherein Kis a positive integer greater than or equal to 1; determine positionscorresponding to the K pixels to be skipped starting from a startposition and/or an end position of the at least one edge of the currentblock; skip continuously the K pixels to be skipped from the startposition and/or the end position of the at least one edge of the currentblock based on the positions corresponding to the K pixels to be skippedto obtain at least one new edge of the current block; and determine thecandidate positions based on the at least one new edge of the currentblock and the preset number of candidate pixels.

In the above scheme, the first construction unit 802 is configured toconstruct N first subsets of adjacent reference pixels according to thesubset of adjacent reference pixels.

The first calculation unit 803 is configured to calculate N groups ofmodel parameters corresponding to the N prediction sub-models based onthe N first subsets of adjacent reference pixels, wherein each of theprediction sub-models corresponds to a set of model parameters;

In the above scheme, referring to FIG. 8, the encoder 80 may furtherinclude a first division unit 807, wherein

the first determination unit 801 is further configured to determine atleast one threshold according to the subset of adjacent referencepixels; and

the first division unit 807 is configured to divide the subset ofadjacent reference pixels into the N first subsets of adjacent referencepixels according to the at least one threshold.

In the above scheme, the first determination unit 801 is furtherconfigured to determine a first colour component reconstruction valuecorresponding to each pixel in the current block.

The first selection unit 805 is further configured to select oneprediction sub-model from the N prediction sub-models.

The first calculation unit 803 is further configured to calculate asecond colour component prediction value corresponding to each pixel inthe current block according to the selected prediction sub-model and thefirst colour component reconstruction value corresponding to each pixelin the current block, wherein the colour component to be predicted is asecond colour component.

In the above scheme, referring to FIG. 8, the encoder 80 may furtherinclude a first comparison unit 808 configured to compare the firstcolour component reconstruction value corresponding to each pixel in thecurrent block with the at least one threshold.

The first selection unit 805 is further configured to select theprediction sub-model corresponding to each pixel in the current blockfrom the N prediction sub-models according to a result of thecomparison.

It can be understood that, in the embodiment of the present application,a “unit” may be a portion of a circuit, a portion of a processor, aportion of a program or software, etc.; it, of course, may be a module,or may be non-modular. In addition, various components in theembodiments may be integrated into one processing unit, or various unitsmay exist physically separately, or two or more than two units may beintegrated into one unit. The integrated units may be implemented in theform of hardware, or may be implemented in the form of a softwarefunctional module.

The integrated unit, if implemented in the form of a software functionalmodule and sold or used as an independent product, may be stored in acomputer-readable storage medium.

Based on such understanding, the technical scheme of the presentapplication, in essence, or the part contributing to the prior art, orall or part of the technical scheme, may be embodied in the form of asoftware product, which is stored in a storage medium, and includesseveral instructions for causing a computer device (which may be apersonal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform allor part of the acts of the methods in the embodiments. Theaforementioned storage medium includes various media, such as a U disk,a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory(RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, which are capable of storingprogram codes.

Therefore, an embodiment of the present application provides a computerstorage medium having a colour component prediction program storedtherein, and when the colour component prediction program is executed byat least one processor, the method in accordance with any one of theembodiments is implemented.

Based on the composition of the encoder 80 and the computer storagemedium described above, referring to FIG. 9, which shows an example of aspecific hardware structure of an encoder 80 in accordance with anembodiment of the present application, which may include a firstcommunication interface 901, a first memory 902 and a first processor903 coupled together through a first bus system 904. It may beunderstood that the first bus system 904 is used for implementingconnection and communication between these components. In addition to adata bus, the first bus system 904 includes a power bus, a control bus,and a status signal bus. However, for the sake of clarity, various busesare labeled as the first bus system 904 in FIG. 9.

The first communication interface 901 is configured to receive and sendsignals during reception and transmission of information from and toother external network elements. The first memory 902 is configured tostore a computer program runnable on the first processor 903.

The first processor 903 is configured to, when running the computerprogram,

determine adjacent reference pixels of the current block in a picture;

construct a subset of adjacent reference pixels according to theadjacent reference pixels, wherein the subset of adjacent referencepixels contains a part of the adjacent reference pixels; and

calculate model parameters of a prediction model according to the subsetof adjacent reference pixels, wherein the prediction model includes Nprediction sub-models, the N prediction sub-models correspond to Ngroups of model parameters, and the prediction sub-models are used topreform, through corresponding model parameters, cross-componentprediction of colour components to be predicted, N being a positiveinteger greater than or equal to 2.

It may be understood that the first memory 902 in the embodiments of thepresent application may be a volatile memory or a non-volatile memory,or may include both a volatile memory and a non-volatile memory. Thenon-volatile memory may be a read-only memory (ROM), a programmableread-only memory (PROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory(EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory(EEPROM), or a flash memory. The volatile memory may be a random accessmemory (RAM), which is used as an external buffer. Through exemplary butnon-restrictive description, many forms of RAMs may be available, suchas a static random access memory (SRAM), a dynamic random access memory(DRAM), a synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), a doubledata rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDR SDRAM), anenhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), asynchronous link dynamic random access memory (SLDRAM), and a directRambus dynamic random access memory (DRRAM). It should be noted that thefirst memory 902 in the systems and methods described herein is intendedto include, but not be limited to, these and any other suitable types ofmemories.

The first processor 903 may be an integrated circuit chip having asignal processing capability. In an implementation process, each of theacts of the foregoing methods may be completed through an integratedlogic circuit of hardware in the first processor 903 or instructions inthe form of software. The first processor 903 described above may be ageneral purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), anapplication specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmablegate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, a discrete gateor a transistor logic device, or a discrete hardware component. Thefirst processor 903 may implement or perform various methods, acts andlogical block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of the presentapplication. The general purpose processor may be a microprocessor, orthe processor may also be any conventional processor, or the like. Theacts of the methods disclosed in the embodiments of the presentapplication may be directly embodied to be completed by a hardwaredecoding processor, or may be completed by a combination of hardware andsoftware modules in the decoding processor. The software modules may belocated in a storage medium which is mature in the art, such as a randomaccess memory, a flash memory, a read-only memory, a programmableread-only memory, an electrically erasable programmable memory, aregister, etc. The storage medium is located in the first memory 902,and the first processor 903 reads information in the memory andcompletes the acts of the foregoing methods in combination with itshardware.

It may be understood that the embodiments described in the presentapplication may be implemented by hardware, software, firmware,middleware, microcode or a combination thereof. For the implementationby hardware, a processing unit may be implemented in one or moreapplication specific integrated circuits (ASICs), digital signalprocessors (DSPs), digital signal processing devices (DSPDs),programmable logic devices (PLDs), field-programmable gate arrays(FPGAs), general purpose processors, controllers, microcontrollers,microprocessors, other electronic units for performing the functionsdescribed in the present application, or combinations thereof. For theimplementation by software, the techniques described in the presentapplication may be implemented by modules (e.g., procedures, functions,etc.) that perform the functions described in the present application.Software codes may be stored in a memory and executed by a processor.The memory may be implemented in the processor or external to theprocessor.

Optionally, as another embodiment, the first processor 903 is furtherconfigured to perform the methods in accordance with any one of theprevious embodiments when running the computer program.

The embodiment provides an encoder, which may include a firstdetermination unit, a first construction unit and a first calculationunit, wherein the first determination unit is configured to determineadjacent reference pixels of the current block in a picture; the firstconstruction unit is configured to construct a subset of adjacentreference pixels according to the adjacent reference pixels, wherein thesubset of adjacent reference pixels contains a part of the adjacentreference pixels; and the first calculation unit is configured tocalculate model parameters of a prediction model according to the subsetof adjacent reference pixels, wherein the prediction model includes Nprediction sub-models, the N prediction sub-models correspond to Ngroups of model parameters, and the prediction sub-models are used tocarry out, through corresponding model parameters, cross-componentprediction of colour components to be predicted, N being a positiveinteger greater than or equal to 2. In this way, the number of pixels inthe set of adjacent reference pixels is decreased, such that there areless pixels in the subset of adjacent reference pixels, thereby not onlyreducing computational complexity and memory bandwidth, but alsoimproving the precision of the prediction model.

Based on the inventive concepts same as the previous embodiments,referring to FIG. 10, which shows a schematic composition structurediagram of a decoder 100 in accordance with an embodiment of the presentapplication, which may include a second determination unit 1001, asecond construction unit 1002 and a second calculation unit 1003,wherein

The second determination unit 1001 is configured to determine adjacentreference pixels of the current block in a picture;

the second construction unit 1002 is configured to construct a subset ofadjacent reference pixels according to the adjacent reference pixels,wherein the subset of adjacent reference pixels contains a part of theadjacent reference pixels; and

the second calculation unit 1003 is configured to calculate modelparameters of a prediction model according to the subset of adjacentreference pixels, wherein the prediction model includes N predictionsub-models, the N prediction sub-models correspond to N groups of modelparameters, and the prediction sub-models are used to carry out, throughcorresponding model parameters, cross-component prediction of colourcomponents to be predicted, N being a positive integer greater than orequal to 2.

In the above scheme, referring to FIG. 10, the decoder 80 may furtherinclude a second acquisition unit 1004 configured to acquire referencepixels adjacent to at least one edge of the current block, wherein theat least one edge of the current block includes at least one of an upperrow, a right upper row, a left column and a left lower column; andobtain the adjacent reference pixels according to the acquired referencepixels.

In the above scheme, referring to FIG. 10, the decoder 100 may furtherinclude a second selection unit 805, wherein

the second determination unit 1001 is further configured to determinecandidate positions of candidate pixels based on the at least one edgeof the current block; and

the second selection unit 1005 is configured to select reference pixelscorresponding to the candidate positions from the adjacent referencepixels, and compose the selected reference pixels into the subset ofadjacent reference pixels.

In the above scheme, the second determination unit 1001 is furtherconfigured to determine the candidate positions based on pixel positionscorresponding to the reference pixels adjacent to the at least one edgeof the current block.

In the above scheme, the second determination unit 1001 is furtherconfigured to determine the candidate positions based on colourcomponent intensity values corresponding to the reference pixelsadjacent to the at least one edge of the current block.

In the above scheme, the second determination unit 1001 is furtherconfigured to determine the candidate positions based on pixel positionsand colour component intensity values corresponding to the referencepixels adjacent to the at least one edge of the current block.

In the above scheme, the second determination unit 1001 is furtherconfigured to determine the preset number of candidate pixels, whereinthe preset number of candidate pixel represents the number of pixelssampled from the reference pixels adjacent to the at least one edge ofthe current block; and determine the candidate positions according tothe preset number of candidate pixels and the length of the at least oneedge of the current block, wherein the length of the at least one edgeof the current block is equal to the number of pixels contained in theat least one edge of the current block.

In the above scheme, the second calculation unit 1003 is furtherconfigured to calculate a first sampling interval according to thepreset number of candidate pixels and the length of the at least oneedge of the current block.

The second determination unit 1001 is further configured to determine areference point from the at least one edge of the current block, anddetermine the candidate positions according to the first samplinginterval.

In the above scheme, referring to FIG. 10, the decoder 100 may furtherinclude a second adjustment unit 1006 configured to adjust the firstsampling interval to obtain a second sampling interval.

The second determination unit 1001 is further configured to determinethe candidate positions according to the second sampling interval basedon the reference point.

In the above scheme, the second determination unit 1001 is furtherconfigured to, based on the reference point, determine the candidatepositions corresponding to one side of the reference point according tothe first sampling interval, and determine the candidate positionscorresponding to the other side of the reference point according to thesecond sampling interval.

In the above scheme, the second determination unit 1001 is furtherconfigured to determine the preset number K of skipped pixelscorresponding to the at least one edge of the current block, wherein Kis a positive integer greater than or equal to 1; determine positionscorresponding to the K pixels to be skipped starting from a startposition and/or an end position of the at least one edge of the currentblock; skip continuously the K pixels to be skipped from the startposition and/or the end position of the at least one edge of the currentblock based on the positions corresponding to the K pixels to be skippedto obtain at least one new edge of the current block; and determine thecandidate positions based on the at least one new edge of the currentblock and the preset number of candidate pixels.

In the above scheme, the second construction unit 1002 is configured toconstruct N first subsets of adjacent reference pixels according to thesubset of adjacent reference pixels.

The second calculation unit 1003 is configured to calculate N groups ofmodel parameters corresponding to the N prediction sub-models based onthe N first subsets of adjacent reference pixels, wherein each of theprediction sub-models corresponds to a set of model parameters;

In the above scheme, referring to FIG. 10, the decoder 100 may furtherinclude a second division unit 1007, wherein

the second determination unit 1001 is further configured to determine atleast one threshold according to the subset of adjacent referencepixels; and

the second division unit 1007 is configured to divide the subset ofadjacent reference pixels into the N first subsets of adjacent referencepixels according to the at least one threshold.

In the above scheme, the second determination unit 1001 is furtherconfigured to determine a first colour component reconstruction valuecorresponding to each pixel in the current block.

The second selection unit 1005 is further configured to select oneprediction sub-model from the N prediction sub-models.

The second calculation unit 1003 is further configured to calculate asecond colour component prediction value corresponding to each pixel inthe current block according to the selected prediction sub-model and thefirst colour component reconstruction value corresponding to each pixelin the current block, wherein the colour component to be predicted is asecond colour component.

In the above scheme, referring to FIG. 10, the decoder 100 may furtherinclude a second comparison unit 1008 configured to compare the firstcolour component reconstruction value corresponding to each pixel in thecurrent block with the at least one threshold.

The second selection unit 1005 is further configured to select theprediction sub-model corresponding to each pixel in the current blockfrom the N prediction sub-models according to a result of thecomparison.

It can be understood that, in the present embodiment, a “unit” may be aportion of a circuit, a portion of a processor, a portion of a programor software, etc.; it, of course, may be a module, or may benon-modular. In addition, various components in the embodiments may beintegrated into one processing unit, or various units may existphysically separately, or two or more than two units may be integratedinto one unit. The integrated units may be implemented in a form ofhardware, or may be implemented in the form of a software functionalmodule.

The integrated unit, if implemented in the form of a software functionalmodule and sold or used as an independent product, may be stored in acomputer-readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, anembodiment provides a computer storage medium having a colour componentprediction program stored therein, and when the colour componentprediction program is executed by the second processor, the method inaccordance with any one of the embodiments is implemented.

Based on the composition of the decoder 100 and the computer storagemedium described above, referring to FIG. 11, which shows a specifichardware structure of a decoder 100 in accordance with an embodiment ofthe present application, which may include a second communicationinterface 1101, a first memory 1102 and a first processor 1103 coupledtogether through a second bus system 1104. It may be understood that thesecond bus system 1104 is used for implementing connection andcommunication between these components. In addition to a data bus, thesecond bus system 1104 includes a power bus, a control bus, and a statussignal bus. However, for the sake of clarity, various buses are labeledas the second bus system 1104 in FIG. 11.

The second communication interface 1101 is configured to receive andsend signals during reception and transmission of information from andto other external network elements.

The second memory 1102 is configured to store a computer programrunnable on the second processor 1103.

The second processor 1103 is configured to, when running the computerprogram,

determine adjacent reference pixels of the current block in a picture;

construct a subset of adjacent reference pixels according to theadjacent reference pixels, wherein the subset of adjacent referencepixels contains a part of the adjacent reference pixels; and

calculate model parameters of a prediction model according to the subsetof adjacent reference pixels, wherein the prediction model includes Nprediction sub-models, the N prediction sub-models correspond to Ngroups of model parameters, and the prediction sub-models are used topreform, through corresponding model parameters, cross-componentprediction of colour components to be predicted, N being a positiveinteger greater than or equal to 2.

Optionally, as another embodiment, the second processor 1103 is furtherconfigured to perform the methods in accordance with any one of theprevious embodiments when running the computer program.

It can be understood that hardware functions of the second memory 1102are similar to those of the first memory 902, and hardware functions ofthe second processor 1103 are similar to those of the first processor903, and will not be repeated herein in detail.

The embodiment provides a decoder, which may include a seconddetermination unit, a second construction unit and a second calculationunit, wherein the second determination unit is configured to determineadjacent reference pixels of the current block in a picture; the secondconstruction unit is configured to construct a subset of adjacentreference pixels according to the adjacent reference pixels, wherein thesubset of adjacent reference pixels contains a part of the adjacentreference pixels; and the second calculation unit is configured tocalculate model parameters of a prediction model according to the subsetof adjacent reference pixels, wherein the prediction model includes Nprediction sub-models, the N prediction sub-models correspond to Ngroups of model parameters, and the prediction sub-models are used tocarry out, through corresponding model parameters, cross-componentprediction of colour components to be predicted, N being a positiveinteger greater than or equal to 2. In this way, the number of pixels inthe set of adjacent reference pixels is decreased, such that there areless pixels in the subset of adjacent reference pixels, thereby not onlyreducing computational complexity and memory bandwidth, but alsoimproving the precision of the prediction model.

It should be noted that in the present application, the terms “include”,“contain” or any other variations thereof are intended to cover anon-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or devicethat includes a list of elements includes not only those elements butalso other elements not expressly listed, or further includes elementsinherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. An elementdefined by a statement “include one” does not exclude presence ofadditional identical elements in the process, method, article or systemthat includes the element, without more limitations.

The above-mentioned serial numbers of the embodiments of the presentapplication are only for description, and do not represent advantagesand disadvantages of the embodiments.

The methods disclosed in several method embodiments provided in thepresent application may be arbitrarily combined without conflict toobtain a new method embodiment.

The features disclosed in several product embodiments provided in thepresent application may be arbitrarily combined without conflict toobtain a new product embodiment.

The features disclosed in several method or device embodiments providedin the present application may be arbitrarily combined without conflictto obtain a new method embodiment or device embodiment.

What are described above are merely specific implementations of thepresent application, but the protection scope of the present applicationis not limited thereto. Any variation or substitution that may easilyoccur to a person skilled in the art within the technical scopedisclosed by the present application shall be included within theprotection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protectionscope of the present application shall be subject to the protectionscope of the claims.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY

In the embodiments of the present application, adjacent reference pixelsof the current block in a picture is determined; then a subset ofadjacent reference pixels is constructed according to the adjacentreference pixels, wherein the subset of adjacent reference pixelscontains a part of the adjacent reference pixels; and model parametersof a prediction model are calculated according to the subset of adjacentreference pixels, wherein the prediction model includes N predictionsub-models, the N prediction sub-models correspond to N groups of modelparameters, and the prediction sub-models are used to carry out, throughcorresponding model parameters, cross-component prediction of colourcomponents to be predicted, N being a positive integer greater than orequal to 2; in this way, due to screening processing of the adjacentreference pixels of the current block, unimportant reference pixels orabnormal reference pixels can be removed, so as to decrease the numberof pixels in the set of adjacent reference pixels, such that there areless pixels in the subset of adjacent reference pixels, thereby not onlyreducing computational complexity and memory bandwidth, but alsoimproving the precision of the prediction model. In addition, bycarrying out, by at least two prediction sub-models, cross-componentprediction of the colour components to be predicted, the predictionaccuracy of the colour components to be processed is improved, and theprediction efficiency of video pictures is improved as well.

What is claimed is:
 1. A method for predicting colour components, whichis applied to an encoder, the method comprising: determining adjacentreference samples of a current block in a picture; determining candidatepositions of candidate samples based on at least one edge of the currentblock; constructing a subset of adjacent reference samples according tothe adjacent reference samples, wherein the subset of adjacent referencesamples contains a part of the adjacent reference samples; calculatingmodel parameters of a prediction model according to the subset ofadjacent reference samples, wherein the prediction model comprises Nprediction sub-modes, the N prediction sub-modes correspond to N groupsof model parameters, and the prediction sub-modes are used to perform,through corresponding model parameters, cross-component prediction ofcolour components to be predicted, and N is a positive integer greaterthan or equal to 2; and determining a prediction of the current blockaccording to the prediction model; wherein determining the adjacentreference samples of the current block in the picture comprises:acquiring reference samples adjacent to at least one edge of the currentblock, wherein the at least one edge of the current block comprises atleast one of: an upper row, a right upper row, a left column and a leftlower column; and obtaining the adjacent reference samples according tothe acquired reference samples; wherein constructing the subset ofadjacent reference samples according to the adjacent reference samplescomprises: determining reference samples corresponding to the candidatepositions from the adjacent reference samples, and forming the subset ofadjacent reference samples with the determined reference samples.
 2. Themethod of claim 1, wherein determining the candidate positions of thecandidate samples based on the at least one edge of the current blockcomprises: determining the candidate positions based on sample positionscorresponding to reference samples adjacent to the at least one edge ofthe current block.
 3. The method of claim 1, wherein determining thecandidate positions of the candidate samples based on the at least oneedge of the current block comprises: determining the candidate positionsbased on colour component intensity values corresponding to referencesamples adjacent to the at least one edge of the current block.
 4. Themethod of claim 1, wherein determining the candidate positions of thecandidate samples based on the at least one edge of the current blockcomprises: determining the candidate positions based on sample positionsand colour component intensity values corresponding to the referencesamples adjacent to the at least one edge of the current block.
 5. Themethod of claim 1, wherein determining the candidate positions of thecandidate samples based on the at least one edge of the current blockcomprises: determining a preset number of candidate samples, wherein thepreset number of candidate sample represents the number of samplessampled from the reference samples adjacent to the at least one edge ofthe current block; and determining the candidate positions according tothe preset number of candidate samples and a length of the at least oneedge of the current block, wherein the length of the at least one edgeof the current block is equal to the number of samples contained in theat least one edge of the current block.
 6. The method of claim 5,wherein determining the candidate positions of the candidate samplesbased on the at least one edge of the current block comprises:calculating a first sampling interval according to the preset number ofcandidate samples and the length of the at least one edge of the currentblock; and determining a reference point from the at least one edge ofthe current block, and determining the candidate positions according tothe first sampling interval.
 7. The method of claim 6, wherein aftercalculating the first sampling interval, the method further comprises:adjusting the first sampling interval to obtain a second samplinginterval; and determining the candidate positions according to thesecond sampling interval based on the reference point.
 8. A method forpredicting colour components, which is applied to a decoder, the methodcomprising: determining adjacent reference samples of a current block ina picture; determining candidate positions of candidate samples based onat least one edge of the current block; constructing a subset ofadjacent reference samples according to the adjacent reference samples,wherein the subset of adjacent reference samples contains a part of theadjacent reference samples; calculating model parameters of a predictionmodel according to the subset of adjacent reference samples, wherein theprediction model comprises N prediction sub-modes, the N predictionsub-modes correspond to N groups of model parameters, and the predictionsub-modes are used to perform, through corresponding model parameters,cross-component prediction of colour components to be predicted, and Nis a positive integer greater than or equal to 2; and determining aprediction of the current block according to the prediction model;wherein determining the adjacent reference samples of the current blockin the picture comprises: acquiring reference samples adjacent to atleast one edge of the current block, wherein the at least one edge ofthe current block comprises at least one of: an upper row, a right upperrow, a left column and a left lower column; and obtaining the adjacentreference samples according to the acquired reference samples; whereinconstructing the subset of adjacent reference samples according to theadjacent reference samples comprises: determining reference samplescorresponding to the candidate positions from the adjacent referencesamples, and forming the subset of adjacent reference samples with thedetermined reference samples.
 9. The method of claim 8, whereindetermining the candidate positions of the candidate samples based onthe at least one edge of the current block comprises: determining thecandidate positions based on sample positions corresponding to referencesamples adjacent to the at least one edge of the current block.
 10. Themethod of claim 8, wherein determining the candidate positions of thecandidate samples based on the at least one edge of the current blockcomprises: determining the candidate positions based on colour componentintensity values corresponding to reference samples adjacent to the atleast one edge of the current block.
 11. The method of claim 8, whereindetermining the candidate positions of the candidate samples based onthe at least one edge of the current block comprises: determining thecandidate positions based on sample positions and colour componentintensity values corresponding to the reference samples adjacent to theat least one edge of the current block.
 12. The method of claim 8,wherein determining the candidate positions of the candidate samplesbased on the at least one edge of the current block comprises:determining a preset number of candidate samples, wherein the presetnumber of candidate sample represents the number of samples sampled fromthe reference samples adjacent to the at least one edge of the currentblock; and determining the candidate positions according to the presetnumber of candidate samples and a length of the at least one edge of thecurrent block, wherein the length of the at least one edge of thecurrent block is equal to the number of samples contained in the atleast one edge of the current block.
 13. The method of claim 12, whereindetermining the candidate positions of the candidate samples based onthe at least one edge of the current block comprises: calculating afirst sampling interval according to the preset number of candidatesamples and the length of the at least one edge of the current block;and determining a reference point from the at least one edge of thecurrent block, and determining the candidate positions according to thefirst sampling interval.
 14. The method of claim 13, wherein aftercalculating the first sampling interval, the method further comprises:adjusting the first sampling interval to obtain a second samplinginterval; and determining the candidate positions according to thesecond sampling interval based on the reference point.
 15. An encodercomprising a first memory and a first processor, wherein the firstmemory is configured to store a computer program runnable on the firstprocessor; and the first processor is configured to, when running thecomputer program, perform the method of claim
 1. 16. A decodercomprising a second memory and a second processor, wherein the secondmemory is configured to store a computer program runnable on the secondprocessor; and the second processor is configured to, when running thecomputer program, perform the method of claim 8.